O‘ZBEKISTONDA ISLOM BANK FAOLIYATINI JORIY ETISH VA RAQAMLI MOLIYAVIY TEXNOLOGIYALAR: INTEGRATSIYA IMKONIYATLARI VA CHEKLOVLARI
Keywords:
islom, bank faoliyati, fintex, murabaha, sukuk, shariat, raqamlashtirish, inklyuziya, kiberxavfsizlik, O‘zbekiston.Abstract
Maqolada O‘zbekistonda islom bank faoliyatining huquqiy asoslari yaratilishi va uning raqamli moliyaviy texnologiyalar (fintex) bilan integratsiyalashuv imkoniyatlari tahlil qilingan. 2026-yil 27-martda imzolangan O‘RQ-1126-son Qonun mamlakatda an’anaviy va islom bank xizmatlari parallel faoliyat yuritishi uchun huquqiy zamin yaratdi. Tadqiqotning maqsadi islom bank faoliyatining huquqiy va institutsional asoslari shakllanish darajasini, raqamli infratuzilmaning imkoniyatlarini hamda integratsiya jarayonidagi asosiy xatarlarni aniqlashdan iborat. Ishda hujjatlar tahlili, xronologik va qiyosiy tahlil, shuningdek, statistik ko‘rsatkichlarni tizimlashtirish usullaridan foydalanildi. Tadqiqot ikkilamchi manbalarga, jumladan qonunchilik hujjatlari, Markaziy bank axborotlari, xalqaro tashkilotlar materiallari va ilmiy maqolalarga tayandi. Natijalar O‘zbekistonda islom moliyasi bo‘yicha qonunchilik bazasi shakllanganini, institutsional mexanizmlar esa rivojlanishning dastlabki bosqichida ekanini ko‘rsatdi. Raqamli to‘lovlar, mobil banking va to‘lov tashkilotlari infratuzilmasi islomiy moliyaviy mahsulotlarni masofadan taqdim etish uchun muhim imkoniyat yaratadi. Biroq murabaha va ijara kabi mahsulotlarda aktivga egalik, mulk huquqining o‘tishi, shariat talablariga muvofiqlik va mijozga axborot berish jarayonlarini raqamli tizimlarda aniq qayd etish zarur. Shuningdek, shariat nazorati, kiberxavfsizlik, ma’lumotlarni himoya qilish va huquqiy talqin bilan bog‘liq xatarlar mavjud. Maqolada mahsulot, texnologiya va nazorat nuqtalarini bog‘lovchi tahliliy matritsa taklif etilib, uni amaliyotda qo‘llash yo‘nalishlari ko‘rsatildi.
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