UCH О‘LCHOVLI ELASTIK HISOBLASHNING IKKI О‘LCHOVLI HISOBLASHGA NISBATAN SAMARADORLIGI
Keywords:
elastik hisoblash, ikki о‘lchovli model, uch о‘lchovli model, chekli elementlar usuli, kuchlanish, deformatsiya, kо‘chish, fazoviy konstruksiya, hisoblash aniqligi, iqtisodiy samaradorlik.Abstract
Ushbu maqolada muhandislik konstruksiyalarini elastik holatda hisoblashda ikki o‘lchovli va uch o‘lchovli modellashtirish yondashuvlarining samaradorligi qiyosiy jihatdan tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotda ikki o‘lchovli hisoblashda qo‘llaniladigan tekis kuchlanish va tekis deformatsiya holatlarining asosiy farazlari, ularning qo‘llanish shartlari hamda hisoblash natijalariga ta’siri ko‘rib chiqilgan. Ikki o‘lchovli modellar konstruksiyaning geometrik shakli va yuklanish sharoiti sodda bo‘lgan hollarda hisoblash jarayonini tezlashtiradi, biroq ayrim fazoviy kuchlanish va deformatsiya holatlarini to‘liq aks ettira olmaydi. Shu sababli murakkab shakldagi konstruksiyalar uchun uch o‘lchovli modellashtirishning afzalliklari alohida o‘rganilgan. Xususan, fazoviy kuchlanish holati, mahalliy kuchlanishlar konsentratsiyasi, buralish, ko‘ndalang deformatsiyalar hamda tayanch va birikma zonalarida yuzaga keladigan murakkab jarayonlarni aniqroq ifodalash imkoniyatlari tahlil qilingan. Hisoblash natijalarini baholashda aniqlik, kompyuter resurslari, modellashtirish vaqti, material sarfi va iqtisodiy samaradorlik asosiy mezon sifatida qabul qilingan. Olingan natijalar uch o‘lchovli hisoblash dastlab ikki o‘lchovli hisoblashga nisbatan ko‘proq vaqt va hisoblash resurslarini talab qilishini ko‘rsatdi. Biroq murakkab konstruksiyalarda uch o‘lchovli model real ish sharoitini to‘liqroq ifodalab, kuchlanish va deformatsiyalarni aniqroq baholashga imkon beradi. Natijada konstruksiyaning ayrim qismlarida ortiqcha mustahkamlik zaxirasini kamaytirish, materialdan oqilona foydalanish va loyihalash qarorlarining asoslanganligini oshirish mumkin. Ayniqsa, tayanchlar, teshiklar, keskin geometrik o‘zgarishlar va birikmalar mavjud bo‘lgan konstruksiyalarda uch o‘lchovli yondashuv mahalliy kuchlanishlarning taqsimlanishini batafsil ko‘rsatadi. Shu jihatdan u nafaqat nazariy hisoblash, balki amaliy loyihalash uchun ham foydali hisoblanadi. Mazkur natijalar hisoblash usulini konstruksiya xususiyatlariga mos tanlash zarurligini ko‘rsatadi va muhandislik amaliyotida hisoblash samaradorligini oshirishga xizmat qiladi.
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